A EFICÁCIA DO TRANSPLANTE DE MICROBIOTA FECAL PARA O TRATAMENTO DE INFECÇÃO POR Clostridium difficile
UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Resumo
O presente estudo objetivou evidenciar a eficácia do transplante de microbiota fecal para o tratamento da colite pseudomembranosa – estágio grave da infecção causada pelo agente etiológico Clostridium difficile. Para tanto, artigos originais foram pesquisados em diferentes bases de dados. Foram incluídos artigos do tipo ensaio clínico randomizado publicados entre 2019 e 2022 e excluídos os artigos que relacionavam o transplante de microbiota fecal com outras condições clínicas. Desta forma, 12 artigos foram elegíveis e analisados. Observou-se que o transplante de microbiota fecal tem uma alta taxa de eficácia, uma vez que, considerando o total de pacientes submetidos ao tratamento nos estudos incluídos, 77,3% obtiveram melhora clínica no quadro de infecção. Considerando as características de gênero e idade dos pacientes, não foram identificadas restrições ou considerações relevantes para essas variáveis. Em relação ao local de realização dos estudos, estes foram conduzidos nos continentes americano, asiático e europeu, porém, considerando os países do continente americano, não foram encontrados estudos realizados no Brasil. Por fim, fica evidente que o transplante de microbiota fecal constitui uma excelente alternativa terapêutica para o tratamento de infecção recorrente causada por C. difficile, porém a falta de padronização do método contribui para que ele seja pouco considerado pela comunidade médica e consequentemente pouco conhecido pelos pacientes em geral, o que justifica a dificuldade de encontrar estudos originais sobre o tema.
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